Guardiola was upset about a handball incident outside the penalty area that went unpunished, and Henderson's subsequent penalty save.
Lip-reader Jeremy Freeman decoded the conversation between the two at the final whistle.
Guardiola approached Henderson and said, "You didn't deserve that. It was unfair."
Henderson responded, "You still had your 10 minutes," referring to the extra time added to the end of the game.
Henderson repeated "10 minutes" three times, and Guardiola replied, "It's not fair play. You shouldn't have done that."